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International
Aviation & Space Salon
August 19-24, 2003, FRI named after M.M.Gromov, Zhukovsky, Russia
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AVPK Sukhoi

Agricultural aviation
Su-38L 
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Description
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Description: The «SUKHOI Design Bureau» has completed development and building of the Su-38L light agricultural aircraft intended for dispersion of liquid and dry chemicals during aerial agricultural work. The maiden flight of the aircraft took place in July 2001. It was flown by test-pilot Yevgeny Frolov. It should be mentioned right now that a specialized agricultural has been developed for the first time in the history of domestic aviation building. So far the whole agricultural aviation has been using a special modification of one of the most versatile aircraft in the world, the An-2. By now the most An-2 have already been written off. Besides, the An-2 is effective only for processing of large territories from air and its cockpit is not pressurized. Recently, moto-delta-planes have been used for processing of small fields from air but they can not work with poisonous chemicals.
Su-38L Chief Designer is Boris Rakitin, Program Director is Alexandr Kovalenko.
The Su-38L was designed as a cantilever single-seat monoplane with bottom-positioned wing carrying externally stored chemicals' dispersion equipment manufactured by «Transland» company. Later it is supposed to be replaced by domestic equipment having advantages of its simplicity, reliability and considerably lower cost. The «SUKHOI Design Bureau» together with Russian partners is already developing it. Narrow specialization of the aircraft defined its capability to be based under field conditions on the ground fields.
The Su-38L uses the M337A air-cooled engine developed by «LOM Prague» with power of 235 hp. It has Russian and international certification. Life-time makes out SOOOh and MTTR -1200h that provides service for 3 to 4 years and brings maintenance down to replacement of spark plugs and, if required, simple adjustment. The main advantage of the Su-38L of the M337A is that it uses a mix of A-76 and A-92 gas in proportion 1:2. Both petrol types are available on the countryside in necessary amounts and are much cheaper than aviation fuel. The aircraft is equipped with a three-blade prop with variable pitch.
Su-38L design provides a number of components considerably increasing pilot's safety even in emergency situations related to low flight altitude during agricultural work (1 to 15m). At this altitude, probability of collision with electrical lines' masts, cables, trees is very high. International statistics of agricultural aircraft crashes show that 70% of all crashes including ones when pilots died happened because of these reasons. Thus, Su-38L cockpit is equipped with a special seat decreasing boom load. Hard main frame of safety prevents cockpit crumpling during a collision with an obstacle. In front of the wind shield there is a baffle. Its upper part is connected with the upper part of the tail by a steel cable throwing a suddenly occurring electrical cable over the aircraft.
Since chemical work is often carried out using highly toxic poison, pilot's cockpit is pressurized. It has a pressurization system with positive pressure preventing penetration of chemicals into pilot's body. Outer air is filtered. A special air vaporizer inside the cockpit creates comfortable environment for pilot. Su-38L technical performance makes it advantageous towards its foreign equivalents and provides effective cultivation of agricultural fields. Working at the optimum altitude of 1.5 to 2m for 45 to 60min, the Su38L provides productivity of 80 to 90 ha/h. Small-drop small-volume dispersion technology is used for cultivation. This technology ensures high quality of work and saves chemicals. Dispersion standard in this case is 5 to 30! per ha.
Su-38L tests will be conducted in cooperation with the ASK «Delta» having a certificate of this type aircraft operator. It has successfully gone through the «Program of technological tests of extremely light aerial vehicles for protection of plants from pest, disease and weed in Volgograd region».
Cost of one Su-38L operation hour is approximately 300USD that makes it attractive for potential customers. Approximate price of the Su-38L is 120 000 USD
Technical characteristic: Normal T/0 weight 1200kg
Hopper capacity 500I
Engine type and power M337A / 210-230hp
Fuel tanks capacity 2101
Fuel type (car petrol) mix of A-76 and A-92 Mix proportion 1:2
Stall speed in landing configuration 76 km/h
Operating flight speed 150-180km/h
Operating flight altitude 1-15m
Assigned life SOOOh
Calendar service life 10 years
Ferry range: With dispersion equipment 900km
Without dispersion equipment 1200km
Operating characteristic:
Creator: JSC "SUKHOI" Design berau
Consumer: JSC "SUKHOI" Design berau
Awards:  -
Certificates: -
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